General information
The project consists of two residential multi-family
houses to be built on Sickla Kaj in Hammarby Sjöstad, a new residential area,
south of the city centre of Stockholm. The two building blocks, Holmen and
Grynnan, are similar except that they are reflected towards each other.
Site information
Hammarby Sjöstad, along with Södra Länken, is Stockholm’s
on-going urban development project. An old dockland and industrial area is being
transformed into a modern city area that will form a logical extension of
Södermalm, with 8, 000 apartments housing a population of 20,000. After
completion of all parts of the project in 2010 there will be 30,000 people
living and working in the area.
Environmentally Hammarby Sjöstad will be a well-planned area with its own
recycling model and its own local sewage treatment plant. Hammarby Sjöstad will
have an inner-city character with new, exciting architecture. Unique qualities
and opportunities flow from the waterside location and the proximity of both the
inner city and the Nacka Nature Reserve.
In a further response to environmental
concerns, Hammarby Sjöstad will be well provided with transportation options
including the Tvärbanan tramline, ferries across the Hammarby Canal, and car
pooling arrangements. Plans also include a highly developed network of
pedestrian and cycling paths.
The development of the quayside at Sickla Kaj will
include neighbourhoods of three different types. The neighbourhoods along the
Hammarby Allé road will be designed to create a public city lifestyle in every
respect. The design of the buildings will incorporate a height of seven storeys,
with a tall plinth extending for one or two storeys for shops, public services,
offices and entrances, etc. It is particularly important for the corners to be
given a public aspect, including those on the second storey, as an element of
our ambition to create an urban architecture of the city.
The area will have a strong environmental profile and large efforts have been put into the project to
make it the spearhead for the future building projects in Sweden. The use of PV
is an important part in this context.
1. Aerial photograph of Södermalm and Hammarby Sjöstad. 2. General plan of Hammarby Sjöstad.
The object
The NCC project consists of two similar buildings, but
mirrored towards each other. They will be located on Sickla Kaj on the south
side of the lake, Hammarby Sjö.
1. The neighbourhood on the quayside at Sickla Kaj.
2. The location of the NCC project at Sickla Kaj.
3. The two NCC buildings - Holmen to the left and Grynnan to the right.
In each of the two buildings 212 m 2 of PV modules will be installed on the
southwest facing façade, oriented towards a shopping street. The total peak
power per building is 23 kW and the yearly energy production is calculated to
16.000 kWh. This energy will provide each flat with an approximate amount of 150
kWh per year or in other terms 70% of the energy needed for energy efficient
refrigerator/freezer.
The PV modules will be installed in three different
locations; on one connected part of the façade, as balcony balustrades and as
part of the windows at the top-floor.
The PV installation on each building façade consists of three parts (the marked area);
a) PV modules integrated in one connected part of the façade,
b) PV modules used as balcony balustrades and
c) PV modules as part of windows on the top floor, behind the "PV balconies".
Part A - PV façade (one building is described)
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&PV modules integrated in the façade
The PV façade has the following features;
a) PV module area 91 m2
b) Yearly energy production = 7,7 MWh
c) Crystalline silicon cells, 120 W/2 => 11 kWp
d) Four 2 kW inverters, SWR 2000
e) Framing system to be selected (Schüco, Wicona, SAPA or Oskomera).
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Part B - PV balconies
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PV modules integrated in the balcony balustrade
a) PV module area 54 2
b) Yearly energy production = 4,5 MWh
c) Crystalline silicon cells, 120 W/m2 => 6,5 kWp
d) Three 2 kW inverters, SWR 2000
e) Framing system under development by White.
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Part C - PV windows
 PV modules integrated in windows
The PV façade has the following features;
a) Combined window and semitransparent PV module, 67 m 2 module area
b) Yearly energy production = 3,8 MWh
c) Crystalline silicon cells, 67% coverage => 5,4 kWp
d) Four 2 kW inverters, SWR 2000
f) Framing system to be selected (Schüco, Wicona, SAPA or Oskomera).
Monitoring of PV production
The project has identified the importance of making the tenants involved in the operation of
the PV project. The energy production from the PV installation will be monitored and data
will be presented on a local WebPage and on a display, located in the "Environment and
Technique Room".
Additional information on environmental and energy related issues
The general guidelines for the project can be summarised as follows;
- Efficient use of energy for construction and operation of the buildings
- Reduction in the use of harmful materials
- Reduction of the negative environmental effects from transports during
construction and operation of the buildings.
A detailed environmental profile has been produced for the project which include all steps
from planning, building adaptation to the terrain, local climate (noise, air quality, magnetic
fields, air temperature - considering vegetation, solar radiation and wind effects, water and
waste treatment, recycling, composting etc. Large efforts has been invested to achieve the
goal of "twice as good in relation to what goes for the best applied technology in today's new
building design". As for energy usage this means 60 kWh per m2 and year, 40 kWh heat and
20 kWh electrical energy. This has been achieved through the design of an extremely energy
efficient building with thick insulation, best window technology available on the market (U-value
of 1,0 W/m2 K), heat recovery, controlled ventilation and the selection of energy
efficient appliances. The use of PV is also a means of reaching the goal as only bought energy
is calculated.
Timetable
The construction of the first of the two building blocks, Holmen, will start in June 2001 with
the PV installation starting in summer 2002. The construction start of the second block,
Grynnan, is scheduled to January 2002 and the PV installation in winter 2003.
Budget and financing
The total budget for the two building blocks is approximately 35 MEuro. The project is
financed by NCC with a 30% subsidy for the innovative parts related to the environmental
efforts. This subsidy comes from the local investment programme (LIP), a governmental
financed programme for supporting national initiatives for the creation of a sustainable
society. NCC was also the winner of a competition, "best building in Hammarby Sjöstad",
which has given an extra financial contribution to the project.
Partners
The project is carried out by NCC and the architect is White Architects. The PV supplier has
not yet been selected, as this will be subject of an open tender.
Contribution to the PV-NORD project
The project will demonstrate how PV can be incorporated in an architecturally conventional
building in Stockholm, Sweden. From the very beginning the architecturally constraints have
been to find an application where the PV modules will fit into the building in a way that they
are close to be invisible. The idea has also been to look for double-functions where PV has an
added value - giving more benefits than only the energy produced. This means to find
locations on the building façade like the balcony balustrades and the top-floor windows where
the solar cells can be integrated in these building elements. The larger façade surface will
provide more power and here the colour of the cells will be an important issue in order to
make them adapt well to the rest of the façade surface.
The flats will be sold to the tenants and the ownership will be organised in the form of a co-operative
tenants owned building society. This will lead to interesting questions to be studied
regarding the operation and maintenance of the PV installations.
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